Honoured to participate at the launch of the Annual Expert Forum (EFOR) 2026 Report on “Democracy and Civil Society in Central and Eastern Europe”. The event featured a keynote by renowned historian and journalist Anne Applebaum, whose intervention brought both historical depth and sharp clarity to today’s dire challenges. Her central message was unequivocal: democracy is neither inevitable nor self-sustaining. It requires constant effort, civic engagement and institutional vigilance.
The discussion highlighted a sobering trajectory across the region. From the optimism of the 1990–2007 “return to Europe,” through post-accession disillusionment, to today’s phase of deep polarization, we are witnessing a broader pattern of democratic backsliding – closely aligned with global trends. Civil society has evolved alongside these shifts, becoming more grassroots-driven and adaptive, yet operating in an increasingly contested information space.
A few key takeaways stood out:
– The assumption that democracy is “permanent” has proven dangerously flawed.
– Control over the information space has become a central battleground.
– Authoritarian systems are no longer isolated—they operate as flexible, opportunistic networks (“Autocracy Inc.”), united by a shared interest in maintaining power and undermining liberal democratic norms.
– Public support for democratic values cannot be taken for granted, particularly in times of rapid change, uncertainty, and nostalgia for an idealized past.
– At the same time, the conversation also pointed to agency and responsibility. Civil society remains not just a witness to democratic change, but often the force that makes it possible.
– Strengthening independent media, investing in civic education, and ensuring sustainable support for NGOs are no longer optional – they are essential.
In a rapidly shifting geopolitical and societal landscape, the question is no longer whether democracy will endure by default, but whether we are willing to actively sustain and defend it.
Many thanks to the organisers and participants for a rich, necessary and timely discussion.
#democracy#cee#governance#publicpolicy#europe#ruleoflaw#informationintegrity#civilsociety#CSOs
